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Chapter 3第三章

Composite, Implicit & Inverse Functions复合、隐函数与反函数

AP-Style Practice QuestionsAP 风格练习题

EASYMEDIUMHARD

Topics 3.1-3.6考点 3.1 至 3.6AB



Name:姓名:Period:课节:
PART ITopics 3.1-3.6考点 3.1 至 3.6

Multiple Choice Questions选择题

Show all supporting work on scratch paper. On the AP Exam, Section I is split into a no-calculator and a calculator-allowed part, each question below is labeled accordingly.请在草稿纸上写出所有辅助步骤。在 AP 考试中,第一部分分为禁用计算器和允许使用计算器两个小节,每道题均已标注。

Q1EASY3.1 Chain Rule3.1 链式法则No Calculator

If $f(x)=(3x^{2}+1)^{4}$, then $f'(x)=$若 $f(x)=(3x^{2}+1)^{4}$,则 $f'(x)=$

Q2EASY3.1 Chain (Trig)3.1 链式法则(三角)No Calculator

$\dfrac{d}{dx}\bigl[\,\sin(4x)\,\bigr]=$

Q3EASY3.1 Chain (Exp)3.1 链式法则(指数)No Calculator

$\dfrac{d}{dx}\bigl[\,e^{\,x^{2}}\,\bigr]=$

Q4MEDIUM3.1 Chain (Log)3.1 链式法则(对数)No Calculator

$\dfrac{d}{dx}\bigl[\ln(x^{2}+3x)\bigr]=$

Q5MEDIUM3.1 Nested Chain3.1 嵌套链式法则No Calculator

If $y=\sin^{2}(3x)$, then $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$若 $y=\sin^{2}(3x)$,则 $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$

Q6MEDIUM3.1 Chain (Table)3.1 链式法则(表格)No Calculator

Selected values of $f$ and $g$:$f$ 和 $g$ 的部分函数值如下:

$x$$f(x)$$f'(x)$$g(x)$$g'(x)$
$1$$2$$5$$3$$-2$
$3$$4$$-1$$6$$2$

If $h(x)=f(g(x))$, then $h'(1)=$若 $h(x)=f(g(x))$,则 $h'(1)=$

Q7MEDIUM3.2 Implicit3.2 隐函数微分No Calculator

If $x^{2}+y^{2}=25$, then $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$若 $x^{2}+y^{2}=25$,则 $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$

Q8MEDIUM3.2 Implicit (Mixed)3.2 隐函数(混合型)No Calculator

If $xy+y^{3}=4$, then $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$若 $xy+y^{3}=4$,则 $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$

Q9HARD3.2 Implicit Tangent3.2 隐函数切线No Calculator

For the curve $x^{2}+xy+y^{2}=7$, the slope of the tangent line at $(1,2)$ is曲线 $x^{2}+xy+y^{2}=7$ 在点 $(1,2)$ 处切线的斜率为

Q10EASY3.3 Inverse Derivative3.3 反函数导数No Calculator

If $f(x)=x^{3}+x+1$, then $(f^{-1})'(1)=$若 $f(x)=x^{3}+x+1$,则 $(f^{-1})'(1)=$

Q11MEDIUM3.3 Inverse (Table)3.3 反函数(表格)No Calculator

Let $f$ be differentiable and one-to-one. Selected values:设 $f$ 可微且为一一映射,部分函数值如下:

$x$$1$$2$$3$
$f(x)$$4$$7$$10$
$f'(x)$$2$$5$$6$

$(f^{-1})'(7)=$$(f^{-1})'(7)=$

Q12EASY3.4 Inverse Trig3.4 反三角函数No Calculator

$\dfrac{d}{dx}\bigl[\arctan x\bigr]=$

Q13MEDIUM3.4 Inverse Trig Chain3.4 反三角链式法则No Calculator

$\dfrac{d}{dx}\bigl[\arcsin(2x)\bigr]=$

Q14MEDIUM3.5 Higher-Order Implicit3.5 高阶隐函数导数No Calculator

If $x^{2}+y^{2}=4$, then $\dfrac{d^{2}y}{dx^{2}}=$若 $x^{2}+y^{2}=4$,则 $\dfrac{d^{2}y}{dx^{2}}=$

Q15MEDIUM4.4 Related Rates4.4 相关变化率Preview of Unit 4No Calculator

Note: Related Rates is formally CED Topic 4.4 (Unit 4). Included here as a preview because related-rates problems synthesize the chain rule and implicit differentiation from this unit.注:相关变化率在课程规划中属于考点 4.4(第四单元)。此处作为预习内容收录,因为此类题目综合运用了本单元的链式法则与隐函数微分。

A circle's radius grows at $3$ cm/s. At $r=5$, the rate of change of its area is某圆的半径以 $3$ cm/s 的速率增大。当 $r=5$ 时,其面积的变化率为

Q16HARD4.4 Related Rates (Ladder)4.4 相关变化率(梯子问题)Preview of Unit 4Calculator

A $13$-ft ladder slides down a wall. When the base is $5$ ft from the wall and moving at $2$ ft/s away, the top is moving at a rate closest to一把 $13$ 英尺长的梯子靠墙放置并向下滑动。当底部距墙 $5$ 英尺且以 $2$ ft/s 的速率向外移动时,梯子顶端的移动速率最接近

Q17HARD3.2 Horizontal Tangent3.2 水平切线No Calculator

The curve $x^{2}-xy+y^{2}=3$ has a horizontal tangent at points where曲线 $x^{2}-xy+y^{2}=3$ 上水平切线的切点满足

Q18HARD3.1 Chain + Product3.1 链式法则与乘积法则No Calculator

If $y=x^{2}\sin(\ln x)$, then $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$若 $y=x^{2}\sin(\ln x)$,则 $\dfrac{dy}{dx}=$

PART IIShow All Work展示完整解题过程

Free-Response Questions自由解答题

Free-response answers require explicit rule statements (chain, implicit, inverse), clear labeling of inner/outer functions, and unit-bearing answers for related-rates problems.自由解答题需明确写出所用法则(链式法则、隐函数微分、反函数导数),清楚标注内外函数,相关变化率问题须注明单位。

FRQ 1EASY3.1 Chain Rule3.1 链式法则No Calculator

Differentiate each function. Label inner and outer functions.对下列各函数求导,并标注内函数和外函数。

(a) $y=(2x^{3}-5x+1)^{6}$
(b) $y=\sqrt{9-x^{2}}$
(c) $y=\cos\!\bigl(e^{2x}\bigr)$
FRQ 2MEDIUM3.2 Implicit Differentiation3.2 隐函数微分No Calculator

Consider the curve defined by $x^{2}+2xy+y^{3}=4$.考虑由 $x^{2}+2xy+y^{3}=4$ 所定义的曲线。

(a) Find $\dfrac{dy}{dx}$ in terms of $x$ and $y$.用 $x$ 和 $y$ 表示 $\dfrac{dy}{dx}$。
(b) Verify that the point $(2,0)$ lies on the curve, and find the slope of the tangent line there.验证点 $(2,0)$ 在曲线上,并求该点处切线的斜率。
(c) Write an equation of the tangent line to the curve at $(2,0)$.写出曲线在点 $(2,0)$ 处的切线方程。
FRQ 3MEDIUM3.3 / 3.4 Inverse Functions3.3 / 3.4 反函数No Calculator

Let $f(x)=x^{3}+2x-1$.设 $f(x)=x^{3}+2x-1$。

(a) Explain why $f$ is one-to-one on $\mathbb{R}$, using $f'$.利用 $f'$ 解释为何 $f$ 在 $\mathbb{R}$ 上是一一映射。
(b) Compute $f(1)$ and use the inverse-function formula to find $(f^{-1})'(2)$.计算 $f(1)$,并利用反函数导数公式求 $(f^{-1})'(2)$。
(c) Let $g(x)=\arctan(f(x))$. Find $g'(1)$.设 $g(x)=\arctan(f(x))$,求 $g'(1)$。
FRQ 4HARD4.4 Related Rates (Cone)4.4 相关变化率(圆锥体)Preview of Unit 4Calculator

Water is being poured into a right-circular-cone tank (vertex down) of radius $4$ ft at the top and height $6$ ft, at a rate of $2$ ft³/min.以 $2$ ft³/min 的速率向一个顶点朝下的正圆锥形水箱中注水,该水箱顶口半径为 $4$ 英尺,高度为 $6$ 英尺。

(a) Express the water volume $V$ in terms of the water's height $h$ alone. Justify using similar triangles.仅用水的高度 $h$ 表示水的体积 $V$,并用相似三角形加以说明。
(b) At the instant when $h=3$ ft, find $\dfrac{dh}{dt}$. Include units.当 $h=3$ 英尺时,求 $\dfrac{dh}{dt}$,须注明单位。
(c) Is the water height rising faster when $h=2$ ft or when $h=4$ ft? Justify with the relationship from part (b).当 $h=2$ 英尺与 $h=4$ 英尺时,哪种情况水位上升更快?用(b)部分的关系式加以说明。
FRQ 5HARD3.1 / 3.2 / 3.5 Second Derivative3.1 / 3.2 / 3.5 二阶导数No Calculator

Consider the curve $y^{2}=x^{3}+2x$.考虑曲线 $y^{2}=x^{3}+2x$。

(a) Find $\dfrac{dy}{dx}$ in terms of $x$ and $y$.用 $x$ 和 $y$ 表示 $\dfrac{dy}{dx}$。
(b) At the point $(1,\sqrt{3})$ on the curve, find the slope of the tangent line.在曲线上的点 $(1,\sqrt{3})$ 处,求切线的斜率。
(c) Find $\dfrac{d^{2}y}{dx^{2}}$ at the point $(1,\sqrt{3})$.求曲线在点 $(1,\sqrt{3})$ 处的 $\dfrac{d^{2}y}{dx^{2}}$。
(d) Is the curve concave up or concave down at $(1,\sqrt{3})$? Justify.曲线在点 $(1,\sqrt{3})$ 处是上凸还是下凸?请说明理由。